Çeviri  [MK. 749] İngilizce Çeviri

Provided that provisions concerning shared ownership over border substances are reserved; every land owner, shall meet expenses such as fence or wall that are made in order his or her immovable’s border to be surrounded. Special provisions of law are reserved regarding obligation and form of surrounding land by border substances.

 Çeviri  [MK. 754] İngilizce Çeviri

Restriction of right of immovable ownership for public benefit, restrictions of ownership concerning law enforcement services especially about structure, fire, natural disasters and health; forest and roads, positioning of triangulation points and border marks to the main and subsidiary roads on riverside and lakeshores; improvement or division of soil, integration of agricultural soils and lands specific for structure; protection of ancient arts, natural beauties, landscapes, viewing points and exceptional natural monuments and watering places, hot springs, mineral and source waters, are subject to provisions of special law.

 Çeviri  [MK. 756] İngilizce Çeviri

Sources, are component part of the land and ownership of them may only be acquired together with the land which they spring from. Right over the sources situated on other person’s land, is formed by being recorded to real estate registers as an easement. Ground waters, are those for public benefit. Being owner of the land, does not result in being owner of the ground waters under it. Special law provisions concerning benefiting style and rate of land owners from ground waters, are reserved.

 Çeviri  [MK. 755] İngilizce Çeviri

If improvement jobs such as rehabilitation of water courses, watering, draining of marshy grounds, opening road, afforestation, land consolidation, could solely be done by joint undertaking of the owners concerned, two thirds of the owners must be agreed on this way on condition that being owned more than half of the land. Other owners are obliged to obey to that decision as well. The decision made, is indicated in the declarations column of real estate registers. Special law provisions regarding these matters are reserved.

 Çeviri  [MK. 753] İngilizce Çeviri

If a person is capable to prevent a damage threatening him/her or other person or a danger existing at that moment solely by intervening in other persons’s immovable and that damage or danger is bigger substantially than the damage to arise from intervening in the immovable; the owner has to bear that. Owner, may request an equalization price proper to equity for the damage that he or she suffered for that reason.

 İçtihat  [MK. 700] YARGITAY 6.HD.2011/125 ESAS-2011/4220 KARAR

Paydaşlığın giderilmesi davası intifa hakkı sahibinin haklarını yakından ilgilendirdiğinden, tüm paydaşların yanı sıra onun da davaya dahil edilmesi zorunludur. Yürürlükten kaldırılan Türk Kanunu Medenisi’nde bulunmayan bu yeni düzenleme ile, bir pay üzerinde intifa hakkı kurulması halinde, diğer paydaşlardan biri üç ay içinde paylaşma isteminde bulunursa, satış yoluyla yapılacak paylaşmada pay üzerinde intifa hakkı bulunmaksızın satışın yapılması ve intifa hakkının söz konusu paya düşen bedel ü...

 İçtihat  [MK. 708] YARGITAY HGK. 2004/4-306 ESAS- 2004/307 KARAR

Dava, dere yatağından izinsiz çakıl alınması nedeniyle uğranıldığı ileri sürülen Hazine zararının tazmini istemine ilişkindir.Direnme yoluyla Hukuk Genel Kurulu önüne gelen uyuşmazlık, dere yatağının zaman içerisinde özel mülkiyete konu taşınmazlara doğru genişlemesi sonucu, 4721 sayılı Türk Medeni Kanunu'nun 708. maddesinin uygulama yeri bulup bulmadığı, eş söyleyişle, dere yatağının genişlemesi suretiyle sonradan oluşan dere yatağı kısmının anılan hüküm çerçevesinde Devlete ait olup olmadığı, ...

 İçtihat  [MK. 704] YARGITAY 8.HD. 2005/2666 ESAS-2005/3217 KARAR

Davacı miras,taksim ve kazanmayı sağlayan zilyetliğe dayanarak, hazineye kayıtlı dava konusu parselin tapu kaydının iptali ile adına tescilini istemiş, yargılama sırasında taşınmazın baraj gölü altında kaldığını açıklayarak mülkiyetinin tespitine karar verilmesini talep etmiş,mahkemece, davanın kabulüne karar verilmiştir. Dosya kapsamından, davacının iddialarının taşınmazın niteliği bakımından doğru olduğu sonucuna varılmaktadır.Ne var ki; TMK. 704/1. maddesine göre,taşınmaz mülkiyetinin konusu ...

 İçtihat  [MK. 691] YARGITAY 14.HD. 2007/2439 ESAS-2007/4839 KARAR

Dava, hasılat(ÜRÜN)kira sözleşmesinin ihlali nedenine dayalı, kiracı tarafından kiraya verene yöneltilen tazminat istemine ilişkindir. Mahkemece dava kabul edilmiş, hükmü davalı taraf temyiz etmiştir. Uyuşmazlık konusu parsel, 1/2 davalıya, 1/2 dava dışı şahsa ait olmak üzere, paylı mülkiyet rejimine tabi olup, dava dışı paydaş kira sözleşmesine taraf değildir. TMK.'nun paylı mülkiyetin önemli yönetim işlerini düzenleyen 692. maddesi uyarınca, taşınmazın kiraya verilerek kullanımında paydaşla...

 Bilgi  [MK. 235] Gerekçe; Madde İsviçre Medenî Kanununun 214 üncü maddesini karşılamaktadır. Maddenin birinci fıkrası katılma rejiminin sona erdiği sırada mevcut olan edinilmiş malların, tasfiye anındaki değerleriyle hesaba katılacağını öngörmüştür. Burada malların 232 nci maddede öngörülen sürüm değerlerinin hangi andaki sürüm değeri olduğu hükme bağlanmak istenmiştir. Maddede bu an, tasfiye anı olarak öngörülmüştür. Maddenin ikinci fıkrası yapılacak hesaplamada, edinilmiş mallara eklenecek olan malların ...

 İçtihat  [MK. 686] YARGITAY 12.HD. 2011/9250 ESAS- 2011/26782

TEFERRUAT(EKLENTİ), taşınmaz yok edilmeden, zarara uğratılmadan veya yapısı değiştirilmeden ondan ayrılması mümkün olan şeylerdir. Kural olarak eklentinin taşınmazdan ayrı haczi mümkün olduğundan, alacaklıların fabrika binasını satmadan binada bulunan eklenti niteliğindeki malları ayrı ayrı haczedebilip sattırabilmeleri mümkündür. Bu kurala bir istisna olarak, gerçekte eklenti(teferruat) niteliğine haiz mahcuzların, İcra İflas Kanununun 83/c maddesi gereğince ipotek akit tablosunda yer alması...

 İçtihat  [MK. 689] YARGITAY 2.HD.2009/1511 ESAS-2009/13466 KARAR

Aile konutu şerhi konulması talep edilen B____ilçesi K____ Mahallesi, 578 ada, 13 parsel, 7 nolu bağımsız bölümün, aile konutu olduğu konusunda taraflar arasında ihtilaf yoktur. Ancak 7 nolu bağımsız bölümde davalı kocanın sadece 1/4 oranında pay sahibi olmasına karşın, diğer maliklerinde tasarruf yetkisini kısıtlayacak şekilde, taşınmazın tamamı üzerinde şerh konulması usul ve yasaya aykırı bulunmuştur.

 İçtihat  [MK. 689] YARGITAY 1.HD. 2005/4959 ESAS- 2005/5568 KARAR

Davacı tarafından,ortaklarıyla aralarında imzaladıkları sözleşme gereğince ilgili parseldeki yolun davalılar tarafından tamamen boşaltılması gerektiği, ancak davalıların yolu boşaltmadıklarını ileri sürülerek, el atmanın önlenmesi,yol üzerinde davalılara ait bulunan fırın, diğer engeller ve ağaçların kaldırılmasına karar verilmesini istenmiştir. Her ne kadar davalılar, yapılan anlaşmayı kabul etmediklerini ve yolun kullanılmasına izin vermediklerini belirterek davanın reddini savunmuşlar ise ...

 İçtihat  [MK. 695] YARGITAY 1.HD. 2010/2022 ESAS-2010/3530 KARAR

Dava paylı mülkiyet konusu bağımsız bölümü sonradan satın alan paydaşın,dava dışı diğer paydaştan taşınmazı kiralayan kişiye yönelttiği, el atmanın önlenmesi ve ecrimisil istemine ilişkindir. Davalı, taşınmazın dava dışı paydaştan kiraladığı yarısını kullandığını, davacının payını kullanmadığını belirterek davanın reddini savunmuştur.Mahkemece, davalı tarafça taşınmazın güney kısmının kullanıldığı, diğer kısmın boş olduğu, bu kısmın kullanımının engellendiğinin kanıtlanamadığı gerekçesiyle davan...

 İçtihat  [HMK. 119] Yargıtay 2. Hukuk Dairesi 2013/1283 E., 2013/13844K

Dava dilekçesinde davalının adresi yazıldı ancak tebligat yapılamadı ise, Mahkeme davacının talebi ile adres araştırması yapmak zorundadır. Davacıya HMK 119 gereğince 1 hafta süre verilerek adresi bildirmesinin istenmesi, adres bildirilemediği gerekçesiyle de davanın reddi bozmayı gerektirir. HMK 119. maddede yer alan 1 haftalık süre sadece dava dilekçesinde hiç adres bulunmayan durumlarda uygulanır.

 İçtihat  [MK. 688] YARGITAY 6.HD. 2012/3027 ESAS-2012/4989

Davacı, icra mahkemesinden İcra İflas Kanununun 121. maddesine göre almış olduğu yetkiye göre taşınmazın ortaklığının giderilmesini istemiştir. Borçlu ortağın, borcundan dolayı, paydaşlığın giderilmesine karar verilmesi için dava konusu taşınmazın elbirliği halinde mülkiyete konu olması gerekir. Dava konusu edilen ve satışına karar verilen taşınmazda borçlu paydaş H____P____ 1/4 oranında müstakil payının bulunduğu, payın elbirliği mülkiyetine tabi olmayıp paylı mülkiyet hükümlerine tabi olduğu s...

 İçtihat  [MK. 688] YARGITAY 6.HD. 2011/5865 ESAS-2011/10088 KARAR

Türk Medeni Kanununun 701 maddesinde de belirtildiği üzere, elbirliği mülkiyeti Kanundan veya kanunda öngörülen sözleşmeler uyarınca oluşan topluluktur. Dolayısıyla mallara birlikte malik olma durumunda söz konusu olan bir ortaklık türüdür. Tarafların ortak hesap açmış olmaları ve tasarruf yetkisinin birlikte kullanılacağının kararlaştırılması ortaklığın elbirliği mülkiyeti şeklinde olduğunu göstermez. Aynı şekilde hisselerin belirtilmemiş olması da, ortaklığın elbirliği mülkiyeti olduğunu ortay...

 İçtihat  [MK. 694] YARGITAY 3.HD. 2005/1913 ESAS-2005/2338 KARAR

İşletme projesine ve 25.9.1997 tarihli sözleşmenin 9. maddesine uygun olarak davacı, davalı yönetime 2 adet çek vermek suretiyle aidat borcunun mevcut olduğunu kabul etmektedir. Taraflar faiz taleplerinden vazgeçerek, anapara ile ilgili olarak 2 adet çekin verilmesi suretiyle borcun miktarı konusunda anlaştıklarına göre artık davalının temsil yetkisinin bulunmadığını, kat mülkiyeti veya kat irtifakı kurulmadığını ileri sürerek borçlu olmadığının tesbitini talep etmesi Medeni Kanunun 2. maddesind...

 İçtihat  [MK. 691] YARGITAY HGK. 2007/1-349 ESAS-2007/349 KARAR

Dava, paylı mülkiyete davalı derneğin haksız elatması iddiasına dayalı müdahalenin meni davasıdır.Davalı taraf, dernek temsilcisinin bahse konu taşınmazın paydaşı olduğu,onun payının kiralanması suretiyle dava konusu yerin kullanıldığını savunmuş, mahkemecetapu malikleri arasında böyle bir meni müdahale davasının kararının fiilen infazının mümkün olmaması, tarafların tapuda malik gözükmesi nedenleri ile davanın reddine karar verilmiştir. Öncelikle TMK.691. madde uyarınca,taşınmazın kiraya ver...

 İçtihat  [MK. 690] YARGITAY 3.HD. 2004/8032 ESAS-2004/8344 KARAR

Davacı site yönetimi, yönetici oldukları apartmanın depremde hasar görmesi nedeniyle, onarım için paydaşlarca alınan karar uyarınca onarım yaptırıldığını, ancak davalı hissedarın hissesine düşen onarım giderini ödemediğini, bu nedenle alacağın tahsili için yapılan takibe vaki itirazın iptalini talep ve dava etmiş, Mahkemece, kat mülkiyeti veya kat irtifakı kurulmamış olduğundan, kat maliklerince yönetici seçilmesi ve yönetimin tüzel kişiliği bulunmadığından, aktif dava ehliyeti yokluğu nedeniyle...

 İçtihat  [MK. 889] Yargıtay 14. Hukuk Dairesi, Esas: 2009/2619, Karar: 2009/3869

Temyize konu davada davacıların talebi, arsa vasfında iken taşınmaz üzerine konan rehnin, kat mülkiyeti kurulması sonrasında bağımsız bölüm başına düşen borç miktarının mahkeme aracılığıyla tespit edilerek bulunacak borç miktarının tayin edilecek tevdi mahalline depo edilmesi karşılığında ipoteklerin terkinine karar verilmesi yönünde olmakla; mahkemece yapılması gereken iş; taşınmazın tamamı üzerine konulan ve davalı Ramazan'ın temlik aldığı ipotek alacağını temlik miktarıyla sınırlı olarak, he...

 İçtihat  [MK. 687] YARGITAY 12.HD. 2006/4254 ESAS- 2006/7457 KARAR

Kural olarak eklentinin taşınmazdan ayrı olarak haczi mümkündür.Çünkü, eklenti taşınmaz yok edilmeden, zarara uğratılmadan veya yapısı değiştirilmeden ondan ayrılabilir. Bu kuralın bir istisnasını teşkil eden İİK.83/c maddesi kapsamında haczedilmezliğin söz konusu olabilmesi için, mahcuzların MK.686. madde anlamında eklenti niteliği taşıması ayrıca ipotek akit tablosunda yazılı olması gerekir. Somut olayda, haciz işlemine konu tohum atma makinası, gübreleme makinası, ısıtma makinası ve sera...

 İçtihat  [MK. 888] Yargıtay 19. Hukuk Dairesi, Esas: 2007/11321, Karar: 2008/6533

Davacı, tapuda kayıtlı taşınmazı, üzerindeki ipotekle yükümlü olarak; tapudaki ipotek kaydını ve bu ipotek sebebiyle takibe girişildiğine ilişkin şerhi görerek ve bilerek satın alarak satıcının halefi durumuna geçmiştir. Bu sebeple bilerek yaptığı işlemin sonuçlarına katlanmak zorundadır.

 İçtihat  [BK. 56] Yargıtay Hukuk Genel Kurulu 2009/ 4-230 Esas 2009/ 269 Karar

Dosyadaki bilgi ve belgelere göre; davalı bankanın da kabul ettiği gibi davacının tanımadığı "H____ E____" isimli bir şahısla banka personelinin yaptığı bir hata sonucu "Ailem Kulübü" oluşturulduğu, Aralık 2003 ayına ait "Ailem Kulübü" puan dökümünün davacıya tebliğ edildiği anlaşılmaktadır. Dinlenen tanık beyanlarına göre davacının kocasının bu tebligat nedeniyle davacıyı dövdüğü, hakaret ettiği ve evdeki bazı eşyaları kırdığı, yanlış hesap açıldığının belirlenmesine rağmen davacıya olan güveni...

 Çeviri  [MK. 748] İngilizce Çeviri

Right of entering of immovable owner temporarily to neigbouring immovable for the purpose of running or betterment of his or her immovable or of constructing structure on it and field way, animal watering way, winter pass, round timber sliding way and duct and other passages similar to them are subject to provisions of special laws. If there has been no special law provision, local customs are applied. Passage rights arising directly from the law, comes to existence without being recorded to real estate registers. However, ones in permanent character of them are indicated in the column of declarations.

 Çeviri  [MK. 747] İngilizce Çeviri

Owner who has no adequate passage to reach to general way from his or her immovable, may request to be vested a right of passage from his or her neighbours in consideration of a full price. This right, is exercised firstly towards the neighbour who has been the most suited according to the ownership and way condition and then towards the one who will suffer from that the least. Compulsory passage is determined by considering benefit of both sides.

 Çeviri  [MK. 746] İngilizce Çeviri

If the situation changes, owner of obligant immovable, may request the course to be transferred to another place for his or her own benefit. Costs of change of place, belongs to the owner of the right of course as a rule. In case special conditions justified, immovable owner may be kept obliged to join to a proper portion of expenses as well.

 Çeviri  [MK. 745] İngilizce Çeviri

Owner of obligant immovable, may request his or her interest to be regarded in a manner convenient to equity. In case there have been extraordinary conditions in courses that will pass over land, the owner may request to be purchased a proper piece of land on which these courses will be passed, at a price that will cover his or her damage completely.

 Çeviri  [MK. 744] İngilizce Çeviri

Every immovable owner, on conditon that be paid priorly the whole of damage that he or she will suffer, has to endure to be passed of pipelines of waterway, drying canal, gas and the like, electrical lines and cables from under or over his or her land, in case passage of them from other place has been impossible or extremely expensive. In case making course passed has been subject to the rules of confiscation, neigbourhood provisions concerning courses of this Code shall not apply. Right of making course passed, is recorded to real estate registers upon request of right owner and on condition that he or she paid costs.

 Çeviri  [MK. 743] İngilizce Çeviri

If water of a land has been flowing all along naturally to the land situated at lower side, owner of the land situated at lower side, has to accept those waters during draining of surplus waters from upper land without having right to request compensation. If the owner of the land being at lower side has been getting harm from waters flowing because of draining, so as to be belonged its cost to the upper land’s owner, may request draining of water by a watercourse to be built on his or her land. Provisions of special law concerning draining of swamps are reserved.

 Çeviri  [MK. 742] İngilizce Çeviri

Owner of immovable, has to endure flowing of waters naturally especially rain, snow and source waters that not been kept, to his or her land from the land situated at upper side. No any one of the neighbours may change flowing of those waters to the detriment of the other. Owner of upper land, may only keep the water which is necessary for lower land, to the extent that be compulsory for his or her own land.

 Çeviri  [MK. 741] İngilizce Çeviri

Rules that the owners of neighbouring immovables have to obey while planting are specified by special laws.

 İçtihat  [İYUK. 2] Uyuşmazlık Mahkemesi Hukuk Bölümü, Esas: 2013/341, Karar: 2013/526

Davacıya özel hastanece yapılan teşhis ve tedavinin yanlış olduğundan bahisle ikame edilen maddi ve manevi tazminat istemli davanın görüm ve çözümünde adli yargı yeri görevlidir.

 İçtihat  [DMK. 12] Sayıştay 1. Daire, Karar: 9446

Asıl nitelikteki aylık prim hizmet belgesinin yasal süresi içerisinde SSK Müdürlüğüne verilmemesinden dolayı belediye başkanlığına uygulanan idarî para cezasının, 657 S.K. m.12 gereği, kasıt, kusur ya da ihmali olan görevliden tazmini gerekir.

 Çeviri  [MK. 740] İngilizce Çeviri

If branches and roots which do harm by projecting to the neighbour’s land, are not removed within a proper period upon request of him or her, the neighbour may take this branches and roots to his or her ownership by severing them. The neighbour who bears projecting of branches to his or her land that has been planted or constructed a structure on it, shall have the right to pick the fruits grown on those branches. These provisions are not applied about neighbouring forests.

 Çeviri  [MK. 739] İngilizce Çeviri

Rules required to be obeyed in digging and structures are specified by special laws.

 Çeviri  [MK. 738] İngilizce Çeviri

Owner, has to avoid from doing harm to neighbouring immovables by means of shaking or endangering their lands or affecting the facilities on them while making digging or constructing building. Provisions regarding projecting structures are applied about structures against rules of neighbourhood law.

 Çeviri  [MK. 737] İngilizce Çeviri

Every person, is obliged to avoid from excessiveness which may effect his or her neighbours negatively while exercising his or her powers arising from immovable ownership and especially while conducting running activity. Especially, it is prohibitid to disturb by leaving smoke, vapour, fly ash, dust, or making noise or shaking exceeding the extent that may be excused among neighbours according to the condition, quality of immovable and local customs. Rights concerning equalization arising from excessivenesses convenient to local customs and that are inevitable are reserved.

 Çeviri  [MK. 735] İngilizce Çeviri

Pre-emption right which arisen from contract annotated to real estate registers, may be exercised against every owner within specified period and according to the conditions indicated by annotation. In case conditions have not been indicated in real estate registers, conditions that are at the sale of immovable to third person are taken as basis. Effect of annotation, terminates in any case by elapsing ten years from the date on which annotation made. Provisions concerning exercising of legal pre-emtion right and renunciation shall be applied about pre-emption right arising from contract as well.

 Çeviri  [MK. 736] İngilizce Çeviri

Purchase and repurchase rights made annotated to real estate registers, may be exercised against every owner within the period specified in annotation. Effect of annotation, terminates in any case, by elapsing ten years from the date on which annotation made.

 Çeviri  [MK. 734] İngilizce Çeviri

Pre-emption right is exercised by filing action against purchaser. Owner of pre-emption right, is obliged to deposit sale price and title deed expenses fallen to purchaser in cash to the place and within certain time that judge specified before being decided on recording of the share to his or her name.

 Çeviri  [MK. 733] İngilizce Çeviri

Pre-emtion right may not be exercised at compulsory sales made by auction. Renunciation of pre-emption right must be made in official form and annotated to real estate register. Renunciation from exercising pre-emtion right in a certain sale, is subject to written form and may be done before or after sale. Sale that has been made, is notified to the other shareholders by purchaser or seller by means of public notary. Pre-emption right, lapses by elapsing three months from the date on which sale has been notified to the right owner and in any case two years from sale.

 İçtihat  [MK. 692] Yargıtay 15. Hukuk Dairesi, Esas: 2012/2509, Karar: 2012/4151

Kat karşılığı inşaat sözleşmesine konu taşınmazda pay sahibi olanlardan birinin sözleşmede taraf olarak yer almaması ve kendisi ile yapılmış ayrı bir sözleşme de bulunmaması sebebiyle taraflar arasında imzalanan kat karşılığı inşaat sözleşmeleri geçersizdir.

 İçtihat  [HMK. 309] Yargıtay 2. Hukuk Dairesi, Esas: 2012/18710, Karar: 2013/5464

Mahkeme tarafından verilmiş gerekçeli karar kesinleşmemiş olsa bile, davacının bu aralıkta davasından feragat etmesiyle yerel mahkeme yeniden ek karar vererek önce vermiş olduğu kararı kaldıramaz.

 Çeviri  [MK. 731] İngilizce Çeviri

Restrictions of immovable ownership arising from the law, become effective without being recorded to real estate registers. Elimination or alteration of these restrictions, depends upon being drawn up in official form of contract concerning that and get it annotated to real estate register. Restrictions established for public benefit may not be eliminated and altered.

 Çeviri  [MK. 732] İngilizce Çeviri

In case a shareholder in shared ownership sold his or her share over immovable to third person wholly or partly, other shareholders may exercise pre-emption right.

 Çeviri  [MK. 730] İngilizce Çeviri

Person injured or encountered with hazard of damage as a result of being exercised right of ownership against legal restrictions of that right by an immovable owner, may request the situation to be brought to the former state and may claim to be recovered loss that he or she incurred. Judge, may decide on equalization by a proper price of loss arisen from projections made that are convenient to local customs and are inevitable.

 Çeviri  [MK. 729] İngilizce Çeviri

If a person plants other person’s seedling to his or her land or his or her or a third person’s seedling to the other person’s land, provisions regarding structures made by using other person’s material or movable structures, are applied about them as well. Trees and forests may not be subject to superficies.

 Çeviri  [MK. 728] İngilizce Çeviri

Light structures such as cottage, stall, arbour, barrack and the like constructed without aiming them to be lasting over other person’s land, shall belong to the owner of them. This kind of structures, are subjected to provisions of movable properties and not shown at real estate registers.

 Çeviri  [MK. 727] İngilizce Çeviri

Even though courses of water, gas, electricity and the like have been outside of the immovable that the enterprise situated, they are considered accessory of that enterprise and property of that enterprise owner, unless a contrary regulation existed. Being burdened by such a course as a real right of immovable other than circumstances which neighbourhood law necessitated, may only be provided by means of establishment of easement. Easement, comes into existence if the course is not seen from outside by being recorded to real estate registers, if seen from outside by being made of the course relying upon the contract to be drawn up by puplic notary.

 Çeviri  [MK. 726] İngilizce Çeviri

Ownership of the structures that have been constructed based on right of construction under or onto a land belonged to another person so as to stay permanently, shall belong to the easement owner. Establishment of condominium or construction servitude over independent sections of a building which are convenient to be used individually, is subject to the Law of Property Ownership. There may not be established superficies additionaly over independent sections.

 Çeviri  [MK. 725] İngilizce Çeviri

Part of a structure which has been made projected to the other person’s land, becomes component part of immovable belonged to him or her if the owner who made the structure constructed has easement over the land exposed to projection. If there has been no such an easement, in case the owner injured has not made objection within fifteen days starting from the date on which he or she has discovered projection and the case and conditions justified at the same time as well, the person who constructed projecting structure in good faith, may request an easement to be established for projecting part or to be transferred of the ownership of the piece of land on which that part located in consideration of a proper price.

 Çeviri  [MK. 724] İngilizce Çeviri

If value of structure is more than the land value evidently, the party in good faith may request to be given ownership of the whole of structure and land or an adequate part of it to the material owner in consideration of a proper price.

 Çeviri  [MK. 723] İngilizce Çeviri

If the material is not removed and taken, land owner shall be liable to pay a proper compensation to the material owner. If land owner who made structure constructed is not in good faith, judge may rule on to be compensated completely of the damage that material owner has suffered. If material owner who made structure constructed is not in good faith, the amount that the judge will decide on may not be exceed minimum value of that material which carries for land owner.

 Çeviri  [MK. 722] İngilizce Çeviri

If a person uses other person’s material in structure located on his or her land or uses his or her or any other person’s material in structure located on other person’s land, this material becomes component part of the land. However, if removal of the material used without assent of its owner will not cause to excessive damage, owner of material, may request them to be removed and delivered to him or her so as to be belonged its cost to the person who made the structure constructed. Owner of the land under the same conditions, may also request the material used without his or her assent to be removed and moved away so as to be belonged its cost to the person who made the structure constructed.

 Çeviri  [MK. 721] İngilizce Çeviri

Border substances which seperate two immovables such as wall, railing or fence, are deemed shared property of both neighbours, unless otherwise is proved.

 Çeviri  [MK. 720] İngilizce Çeviri

Every land owner, is obliged to make contribution to correction of title deed plans or to be placed border marks on land in order to be determined of borders which not definite upon request of his or her neighbour.

 Çeviri  [MK. 719] İngilizce Çeviri

Borders of immovable, are determined by plans of title deeds and border marks on the earth. In case title deed plans and marks on the earth do not correspond to each other, the border on the plan is regarded as principal. This rule, shall not apply in territories that defined as landslide site by competent authorities.

 Çeviri  [MK. 718] İngilizce Çeviri

The ownership over land, insofar as be benefit in usage of it, includes the air over and the earth layers under it. Structures, plants and sources are also included in the scope of this ownership provided that legal limitations are reserved.

 Çeviri  [MK. 717] İngilizce Çeviri

Immovable ownership, terminates by cancellation or annihilation of immovable completely. In case of confiscation, of what time the ownership will terminate is specified by special law.

 İçtihat  [İİK. 50] Yargıtay 12. Hukuk Dairesi, Esas: 2003/20276, Karar: 2003/23037

İcra takibinin dayanağı olan bonoda "ihtilaf halinde İskenderun Mahkemelerinin yetkili olacağı" belirtilmiştir. Mahkemelerin yetkisi ile ilgili kayıt, icra dairelerinin yetkisini de kapsar.

 Çeviri  [MK. 1000] İngilizce Çeviri

A page is reserved for every immovable in registers and page numbers follow each other. Procedure to be followed in division of an immovable or integration of more than one, is specified by regulation. Those are recorded to the private columns on every page of registers: 1. Ownership, 2. Servitudes and right of incumbrance established on immovable or established on another immovable on behalf of that immovable, 3.Rights of mortgage over immovable. Accessories, upon request of the owner, are recorded into the column of declarations. That record made, may only be cancelled from registers by the assent of those seen as right owners in registers. Immovables more than one belonged to the same owner, although their borders have not been adjacent, may be recorded to a joint page in registers by the assent of the owner. Registration of mortgages made on this page, bind all immovables recorded on it; in case some part of such immovables recorded on the same page are removed from that page by court decision or upon request of the owner, rights recorded over immovables that have been removed, remain reserved.

 Çeviri  [MK. 716] İngilizce Çeviri

The person who has a personal right regarding request of being recorded ownership into his or her own name from the owner by relying on a legal cause to be a basis to acquisition of ownership, may demand from judge the ownership to be transferred by decision, in case the owner has avoided. Person who acquired ownership of an immovable by relying on occupancy, confiscation, compulsory execution or court decision, may make registration made directly. Alterations resulted in the ownership of an immovable in consequence of property regime between spouses, are recorded to real estate registers directly upon request of one of spouses.

 Çeviri  [MK. 715] İngilizce Çeviri

Places without owner and properties public benefited, are under the rule and disposal of the State. Unless otherwise proved, waters public benefited and places not convenient to agriculture such as rocks, hills, mountains, glaciers and springs which come out of them, are under no person’s ownership and no in any way may be subject to private ownership. Acquisition, care, protection, operation and utilization of places without owner and properties that are public benefited are subject to provisions of special law.

 Çeviri  [MK. 714] İngilizce Çeviri

In calculation, interruption or cessation of acquisitive prescription periods, statute of limitations of the Code of Obligations shall apply nutatis mutandis.

 Çeviri  [MK. 713] İngilizce Çeviri

The person who maintained possession of an immovable not recorded in real estate registers for twenty years period without lawsuit and interruption in the capacity of owner, may demand to be decided his or her right of ownership over the whole, a part or a share of that immovable to be recorded to real estate registers. Under the same conditions; possessor of the whole or a part that has not seen any harm in division of of an immovable which its owner can not be understood from real estate registers or registered to the name of the person about whom has been made decision of absence (Repealed Phrase Official Gazette No: 27893 Date:July 23,2011, Constitutional Court Date: March 17,2011 Docket No:2009/58, Decree No:2011/15 ) twenty years ago, may demand to be decided his or he right of ownership over the whole or a part or a share of that immovable to be recorded to real estate registers as well. Action of registration, is instituted against the Treasury, public corporations concerned or the heirs of the person seen as owner at real estate registers, if there is any. Subject of lawsuit, is announced by the court once by newspaper and besides at least three times by proper means and intervals where immovable is located. In case there has not been anyone objected within three months starting from the last announcement bringing forward that conditions above have not been realized or the objection has not been regarded justifiable and assertion of the plaintiff h...

 Çeviri  [MK. 712] İngilizce Çeviri

If the person who has been recorded to real estate registers as owner unless a valid legal cause existed, maintained his or her possession over immovable without lawsuit and uninterruptedly ten year long with good faith, there may not be brought objection to the right of ownership that he or she has acquired by this way.

 Çeviri  [MK. 711] İngilizce Çeviri

If the border, does not reflect the truth because of land sliding; owner of immovable concerned, may request the border to be defined again. Surpluses and shortnesses are equalized.

 Çeviri  [MK. 710] İngilizce Çeviri

Principle that stating sliding of land does not necessitate border change, shall not apply in territories which have been defined as landslide site by competent authorities. It is taken into consideration structure of land in territory during definition of these sites. It is notified to those concerned in a proper way that an immovable has been located in such a territory and recorded to the column of declarations in real estate registers.

 Çeviri  [MK. 709] İngilizce Çeviri

Sliding of land does not necessitate border change. Provisions concerning drifting objects and merging are applied about pieces of land and other substances passed from one immovable to the other because of land sliding.

 Çeviri  [MK. 708] İngilizce Çeviri

Land suitable to benefit which composed in places without owner again by causes such as accumulation, filling up, landslide or alteration in channels or levels of publicly owned waters, shall be belonged to the State. The State, may transfer that land primarily to the one whose land exposed to loss or to the adjacent land owner in case there has not been any inconveniency. Owner who proved that pieces of earth split off from his or her land, may take them back within one year starting from the date on which he or she discovered the situation, in any case ten years starting from the date on which formation started.

 Çeviri  [MK. 707] İngilizce Çeviri

Acquisition of ownership by occupancy of an immovable which recorded in real estate registers, solely depends upon being cancelled of its record by request of the owner. There may not be acquired ownership by occupancy over immovables not recorded in real estate registers.

 Çeviri  [MK. 705] İngilizce Çeviri

Acquisition of immovable ownership, is provided by registration. Inheritance, court decision, compulsory execution, occupancy, confiscation circumstances and in other cases provided by law, ownership is acquired prior to registration. However, in these cases capability of making disposition transactions of the owner, depends upon being registered of the ownership to the real estate registers.

 Çeviri  [MK. 704] İngilizce Çeviri

Subject of immovable ownership are as follows: 1. Land, 2. Independent and continuous rights that are recorded to different page in real estate registers, 3. Independent sections recorded in condominium registry.

 Çeviri  [MK. 703] İngilizce Çeviri

Collective ownership, terminates by transfer of property, dissolution of community or being changed into shared ownership. Partitioning, unless a contrary provision existed, is made according to the provisions of shared ownership.

 Çeviri  [MK. 702] İngilizce Çeviri

Rights and obligations of partners, are specified by provisions of law or contract which gives rise to community. Unless a contrary provision existed at law or in contract, it is required to be made decision by partners unanimously either for administration or disposition transactions. As long as community arising from contract continued, there may not be made partitioning and made disposition over a share. Each one of partners, may provide protection of rights included in community. All partners benefit from this protection.

 Çeviri  [MK. 701] İngilizce Çeviri

Ownership of those who have been owner to properties jointly in consequence of community composed pursuant to contracts that are at or provided by law, is collective ownership. There being not particularized shares of partners in collective ownerhip, right of each one, is spreaded over all properties included in community.

 Çeviri  [MK. 700] İngilizce Çeviri

In case a shareholder established usufruct right over his or her own share, if one of shareholders makes request of partitioning within three months starting from being notified him or her that right of usurfruct has been established; right of usufruct in partititoning through sale, continues over the value which will fall to the share concerning that.

 İçtihat  [MK. 331] Yargıtay 3.Hukuk Dairesi 2011/ 22496 Esas 2012/ 4479 Karar

Nafakanın en azından DİE'ce yayınlanan ÜFE artışı oranında artırılmasına karar verilmesi gerekirken yazılı şekilde davanın tümden reddine karar verilmiş olması doğru görülmemiş bozmayı gerektirmiştir.

 İçtihat  [HMK. 119] Yargıtay 6.Hukuk Dairesi 2012/ 4953 Esas 2012/ 8852 Karar

Davacının TC. kimlik numarasının dava dilekçesine ekli vekaletnamede mevcut olduğu halde, eksikliklerin giderilmediği ve TC kimlik numarasının bulunmadığından bahisle davanın açılmamış sayılmasına karar verilmesi doğru değildir. Hüküm bu nedenle bozulmalıdır.

 İçtihat  [BK. 346] Yargıtay 6.Hukuk Dairesi 2013/663 Esas 2013/3867 Karar

Kiracıya, kira bedeli ve yan giderler dışında başka bir ödeme yükümlülüğü getirilemez. MUACCELİYET KOŞULU GEÇERSİZDİR. Taraflar arasında düzenlenen kira sözleşmesinin 22. maddesinde muacceliyet (ceza) koşuluna yer verildiği görülmekte ise de; dosya içeriğinden kiracının TTK kapsamında tacir olup olmadığı anlaşılamamaktadır. Bu durumda mahkemece kiracının tacir olup olmadığı araştırılarak, tacir olması durumunda hakkında TBK.nın 346. maddesinin 01.07.2012 tarihinden itibaren 8 yıl süre ile uyg...

 Çeviri  [MK. 699] İngilizce Çeviri

Partitioning, is actualized sharing out of property in kind or of its value by selling it through bargaining or bidding. In case not agreed on method of partitioning, judge upon request of one of shareholders, rules on partitioning of properety in kind, in case not values of parts divided correspond to each other, rules on provision of equalization by adding money to the part having less value. If request of division has not been considered proper to the case or conditions and especially it has not been possible division of shared property unless it been exposed to an important value loss, it is resolved to sale by public auction. It depends upon assent of all shareholders making decision of sale to be made among shareholders by bidding.

 Çeviri  [MK. 698] İngilizce Çeviri

Unless there has been obligation of continuation of shared ownership in pursuance of a legal transaction or since shared property has been allocated to a permanent purpose, any one of shareholders may request partitioning of property. Right of request of partitioning, may only be limited by a legal transaction for maximum ten-year period. Contracts concerning continuation of shared property in immovables, are bound to official form and may be annotated to real estate registers. There may not be made request of partitioning at improper time.

 Çeviri  [MK. 697] İngilizce Çeviri

Provisions regarding dismissal of a shareholder, shall apply mutatis mutandis about owners of right of usurfruct or any other real right or of personal benefiting annotated to real estate registers over share as well. However, it is resolved termination of a right which its transfer is illicit in exchange for a proper compensation.

 Çeviri  [MK. 696] İngilizce Çeviri

Shareholder who violated severely his or her obligations toward all or some of other shareholders by his or her attitudes and behaviours or by attitudes and behaviours of the persons to whom he or she left usage of property or persons whose acts he or she has been liable from, may be dismissed from shareholdership by court decision if therefore he or she rendered contituation of shared ownership relationship to an unbearable situation for them. It depends upon to be decided by majority of shares and shareholders filing of action, unless otherwise agreed on. In case judge deemed request of dismissal justifiable, if there has been opportunity to seperate from property the portion covering the share of shareholder to be dismissed, rules on allocation of the part seperated to one who has been dismissed from shared ownership by making this seperation. Shareholder or shareholders who require to be transferred of the share in property which not been possible to be seperated in kind by value of it that is on the date of lawsuit, are obliged to set forth that request of them together with request of dismissal from shareholdership. Judge, rules on to be paid or entrusted value of share in a certain period that he or she will determine on his or her own motion before rendering judgement. In case of acceptance of the case, it is resolved to registration of share in the name of applicant. In case the portion to cover share can not be seperated from property in kind and ...

 Çeviri  [MK. 695] İngilizce Çeviri

Regulations or decisions made by shareholders and judgements rendered by court in matters concerning utilization, usage and administration, bind the persons who become shareholder or acquired real right over share later as well. In order the decisions concerning utilization, usage and administration in immovables to be binding for those become shareholder or acquired real right over share later, there must be get annotated of them to the registers of real estate.

 Çeviri  [MK. 694] İngilizce Çeviri

Administration costs arising from shared ownership or regarding shared property, taxes and other obligations are covered by shareholders proportional to their shares, unless a contrary provision existed. Shareholder who has paid more than that fallen to his or her share, may recourse to the others at the rate of their shares.

 Çeviri  [MK. 693] İngilizce Çeviri

Each one of shareholders, may benefit from shared property and make use of it insofar as accorded with rights of others. In case of dispute, judge specifies form of benefiting or usage. This specification, may be in the form of division of usage of shared property as of time or place among shareholders as well. Each one of shareholders, may provide protection of joint interests which can not be divided as representative to the other shareholders.

 Çeviri  [MK. 692] İngilizce Çeviri

Alteration of goal to which shared property allocated, embarking on construction works exceeding the extent that protection or ordinary usage required, making disposition transactions over the whole of shared property, depends upon acceptance of all shareholders, unless agreed its contrary unanimously. In case mortgage or incumbrance of immovable has been established over shares, shareholders may not restrict the whole of property by similar rights.

 İçtihat  [MK. 174] Yargıtay 2.Hukuk Dairesi 2012/ 27205 Esas 2013/ 12906 Karar

Davacı kadın dava dilekçesinde tazminat istememişken tahkikat aşamasında 26.9.2012 havale tarihli dilekçe ile maddi ve manevi tazminat (TMK. m. 174/1-2) talebinde bulunmuştur. Davacı ISLAH talebi ile bu isteklerde bulunabilir.

 Çeviri  [MK. 691] İngilizce Çeviri

It is required to be decided by majority of shares and shareholders for substantial management tasks such as alteration of operation method or agricultural category, making or annulment of contracts regarding ordinary rent or rent of product or improvement of soil. The same majority is required in maintenance, repair and construction works exceeding ordinary administration limits and for protection of value of shared property or suitibility to provide benefit as well. In case of equality of shares and shareholders, judge renders a fair decision by considering benefit of all shareholders upon request of one of shareholders; may appoint a trustee from within shareholders or from the out in order to be done jobs that he or she deemed necessary.

 Çeviri  [MK. 690] İngilizce Çeviri

Each one of shareholders is entitled to perform ordinary management tasks, get minor repairs made especially and conduct agricultural works. Provided that provisions of the law are reserved concerning fulfillment of indispensible and urgent tasks, there may be brought different regulation in ordinary management tasks concerning power through a decision to be taken by majority of shareholders.

 Çeviri  [MK. 689] İngilizce Çeviri

Shareholders, may make a different regulation other than provisions of the law in matters regarding benefiting, usage or administration by agreeing unanimously among themselves. However, there can not be removed and restricted the following rights and powers of shareholders by such an agreement: 1. To perform essential administration tasks for usability and protection of value of property subject to shared ownership and when necessary request from the court to be taken measures with regard to this, 2. To take measures required to be taken immediately to protect the property from a damage hazard or increase of damage on behalf of all shareholders, There may be get annotated of agreements to real estate registers upon request of one of shareholders on condition that their signatures approved by public notary.

 Çeviri  [MK. 688] İngilizce Çeviri

In shared ownersip, more than one person own the whole of a thing which no divided concretely with certain shares. Shares are deemed equal, unless determined in any other way. Any one of shareholders shall have rights and obligations of owner with regard to his or her share. Share may be transferred, mortgaged or attached by creditors.

 Çeviri  [MK. 687] İngilizce Çeviri

Things that have been allocated for usage or consuming temporarily of the person possessing principal thing or things just combined with it so as to be protected, sold or rented without having any relationship with the special quality of the principal thing, are not considered accessory.

 Çeviri  [MK. 686] İngilizce Çeviri

Disposals regarding a thing, include accessory of it unless otherwise specified. Accessory, is a movable property which has been allocated to the principal thing permanently for operation, protection of or providing benefit from it according to the intent of principal thing’s owner that can be understood or local customs and been rendered dependant to the principal thing through integration, fastening or any other way in its usage. Accessory, do not lose that quality of it by being seperated from principal thing temporarily.

 Çeviri  [MK. 685] İngilizce Çeviri

Owner of a thing, shall own products of it as well. Products, are natural and legal products obtained seasonally and other yields of a thing deemed suitable to be obtained by virtue of customs according to the purpose which it has been allocated. Natural products are component parts of principal thing until they are seperated from it.

 Çeviri  [MK. 684] İngilizce Çeviri

Person who owns something, owns component parts of that thing as well. Component part, is the part that is primary constituent of the principal thing according to the local customs and which can not be seperated from it unless that thing annihilated, damaged or transformed constitution of.

 İçtihat  [MK. 692] Yargıtay 15. Hukuk Dairesi, Esas: 2009/1822, Karar: 2010/1456

TMK m.692 uyarınca paylı malın tamamı üzerinde tasarruf işlemleri yapılması, özgülendiği amacın değiştirilmesi, korunmanın veya olağan şekilde kullanmanın gerekli kıldığı ölçüyü aşıp, yapı işlerine girişilmesi oybirliğiyle, aksi kararlaştırılmış olmadıkça bütün paydaşların kabulüne bağlıdır.

 Çeviri  [MK. 682] İngilizce Çeviri

Heir who paid a debt of estate which not laid payment of it on him or her in contract of partitioning or paid more than the amount he or she has undertaken, may recourse to the other heirs. Right of recourse, is exercised firstly against the heir who has undertaken discharged debt by contract of partitioning. In other cases, unless otherwise specified, each one of heirs is liable to pay debts existing in the estate proportional to his or her purparty.